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Siwan district
Siwan district is one of the districts of Bihar state, India. Siwan town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Siwan district is a part of Saran Division since 1972. The town is known for its great past especially for First President of Indian Republic who belonged to Jeeradei.〔()〕 The district was previously also known as Aliganj Sawan after the name of Ali Bux. Siwan has historical and mythological importance attached to it. Member of Parliament from siwan is Mr. O.P Yadav〔http://www.educationforallinindia.com/page157.html〕
==History==
Siwan district, situated in the western part of the state, was originally a sub-division of Saran district, which in ancient time formed a part of Kosala Kingdom.〔http://siwan.bih.nic.in/District_Profile.aspx〕 Siwan became a fully-fledged district when it was split from Saran in 1976.
Siwan derived its name from ''"Shiva Man"'', a Bandh Raja whose heirs ruled this area till Babar’s arrival. The meaning of "Siwan" is border, previously it used to be the border district of "Bihar". Maharajganj, which is another subdivision of Siwan district, may have found its name from the seat of the Maharaja there. A recently excavated marvelous statue of Lord Vishnu at Bherbania village from underneath a tree indicates that there were large numbers of followers of Lord Vishnu. Currently, it is not located as border district of Bihar. The Gorkha king had briefly extended his kingdom to Siwan for a few years in the 1790s before the British started their rule and repulsed the Gorkhas and that is how the name of ''Siwan'' (meaning border) got stuck to the region. It is now dominated by Yadavs and Rajputs.〔http://www.indianexpress.com/news/this-week-bihar/1118304/〕
Siwan was a part of Banaras Kingdom during the 8th century. Muslims came here in the 13th century. Sikandar Lodi brought this area under his kingdom in the 15th century. Babar crossed Ghaghra river near Siswan in his return journey. By the end of the 17th century, the Dutch came first; followed by the English. After the battle of Buxar in 1765, it became a part of Bengal. Siwan played an important role in 1857 independence movement. It is famous for the stalwart and sturdy ‘Bhoj-puries’, who have always been noted for their martial spirit and physical endurance and from whom the army and police personnel were largely drawn. A good number of them rebelled and rendered their services to Babu Kunwar Singh. The anti pardah movement in Bihar was started by Sri Braj Kishore Prasad who also belonged to Siwan in response to the Non Co-Operative movement in 1920.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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